Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. NASA have actually started planning to use antimatter spaceships to go to space. A quarter of a gram of antimatter threatens to unleash the power of 5,000 tons of TNT and destroy everything within a half-mile radius - or so goes the fictional story. I definitely think #1 is overkill in his answer though. [3], As of 2004[update], the cost of producing one millionth of a gram of antimatter was estimated at US $60 billion. In other words, for each gram of TNT exploded, 4.184 kilojoules (or 4184 joules) of energy are released. The solar constant of the sun is 1370 watts per square meter and Earth has a, The solar constant of the sun is 1370 watts per square meter and Earth has a cross-sectional surface area of, 2022 Hunga TongaHunga Haapai volcanic eruption, total energy produced worldwide by all nuclear testing and combat, "Tons (Explosives) to Gigajoules Conversion Calculator", "Joules to Megatons Conversion Calculator", Blast effects of external explosions (Section 4.8. So ever since I read a book (Angels and Demons by Dan Brown?) Can antimatter projectiles work as disintegration weapons? The relative effectiveness factor (RE factor) relates an explosive's demolition power to that of TNT, in units of the TNT equivalent/kg (TNTe/kg). "You need 2,000 times more energy to make [anti-protons]," he says. Antimatter is one of the costliest materials in the world. Anti Matter Energy Calculator. The approximate total yield of the super-eruption of the. The blast radius follows Hopkinson-Cranz Law which states that identical explosives with the same geometry but different sizes and distances will produce self-similar blast waves in the same atmosphere. When groups of people are asked to name the most expensive substance, the variety of answers is hilarious. Some of the radiation will doubtless cause fission or transmutation - a nucleus hit by an anti-proton is likely to at least lose a nucleon, and the mesons also happily react with nuclei. 1 gram of TNT = 700 calories = 700*4.1868 joules. This wave leads to an abrupt increase in pressure. (On a much bigger scale to be sure -- it's not a good thing to have around the neighborhood.). Check what you could have accomplished if you get out of your social media bubble. The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by that convention to be 4.184 gigajoules, [1] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT. What about antimatter bombs? | New Scientist [9], But, even on this basis, comparing the actual energy yields of a large nuclear device and an explosion of TNT can be slightly inaccurate. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. During this interval, the pressure rises abruptly to a peak value and then decays exponentially over time. 1 gram of antimatter costs $62.5 trillion according to NASA. Both antimatter and matter were created after the big bang, and the universe should be made up of 50% matter, and 50% antimatter. Different types of antimatter require different types of traps. The bottle is called a trap because thats what it does, it traps antimatter. Today, the cost of producing 1 gram of antimatter is $25 billion, and the rate of production is only at 10 nanograms (maximum) per year. Lesser known is its role in studying the anti-particles of the Universe. With careful planning, I expect less well less than 1 gram of antimatter would be needed to make this a bad day for the earth. So not only would they be more powerful than nukes, but also more likely to be used on people. $\begingroup$ For shooting it through the air: you need to have some kind of containment anyway and a single gram of antimatter-matter annihilation is like an atombomb going off so you dont need much. You bet. So 1 mg 18F-FDG will produce about ~10^15 times as much annihilation energy as a single anti-proton (these are just rough estimates to get a feel for the magnitudes involved). Now you can destroy all life on earth using only about 6E4 kg of antimatter, only 60 metric tons of the good stuff. What positional accuracy (ie, arc seconds) is necessary to view Saturn, Uranus, beyond? Using the convention that 1 kiloton TNT equivalent = 4.18410 12 joules (or one trillion calories of energy), one half gram of antimatter reacting with one half gram of ordinary matter (one gram total) results in 21.5 kilotons-equivalent of energy (the same as the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945). But the point is: antimatter is the opposite of matter. Or would it be similar to a Fat Man Bomb? For a 10 km dinosaur killer asteroid, 1 kg of antimatter should be sufficient retarget the asteroid -- actually quite a bit less would actually be needed because there are quite a few near earth objects that would need only a tiny orbital deflection to serve the purpose, the largest of these earth crossers, 1866 Sysyphusone of these objects happens to fit the bill as it is probably over 8 km diameter (close enough for our imagination) and currently scheduled to pass about 17 million km from the earth on Nov 24, 2071. "We make such minute quantities that even if you were to destroy all the antimatter that we're making in the course of a year, it wouldn't be even enough to boil a cup of tea.". The results of this latest experiment show that a property of the antiproton (called its magnetic moment) is identical in magnitude to the magnetic moment of its proton counterpart to within a precision of just a couple of parts per billion. Antimatter annihilation from anti-hydrogen is surprisingly messy: it will not be pure gamma rays. The total solar irradiance energy received by Earth in the upper atmosphere per hour. The energy contained in one megaton of TNT (4.2PJ) is enough to power the average American household for 103,000 years. These complications have been sidestepped by convention. A kiloton of TNT can be visualized as a cube of TNT 8.46 metres (27.8ft) on a side. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Of course, getting even a milligram of antimatter is going to be tou. Was Aristarchus the first to propose heliocentrism? [10], Such differences can be substantial. Scientists have trouble finding antimatter however it can be created for a hefty price. A positron powered spaceship would be simpler, and less dangerous than say a nuclear powered spaceship which comes with a lot more complications. The word "antimatter" is not even mentioned anywhere in your question. And that means no particles would remain to eventually become people, stars, and galaxies. Q3 is very hard to answer you need to completely overwhelm the gravitational pull of earth so only terraforming don't qualify for millions of pieces. Use MathJax to format equations. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? ", "Beirut Explosion: What Happened in Lebanon and Everything Else You Need to Know", "Preliminary yield estimation of the 2020 Beirut explosion using video footage from social media", "Seismic Experiments on the North German Explosions, 1946 to 1947", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, "Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Long Term Health Effects", "Kinetic Energy of Tornadoes in the United States", "Frequently Asked Questions Electricity", "Country Comparison:: Electricity consumption", "NOAA FAQ: How much energy does a hurricane release? Back To Anycalculator.com Shock waves Supposing we had one antimatter bomb, how much antimatter would we need in order to completely blow up the Earth into millions of pieces. I have no idea what you're talking about. [4] As such, Hui Chen of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory dismissed concerns about antimatter bombs in 2008 as "unrealistic". "Kiloton" redirects here. I think this is a very conservative answer in that it is very certain to get the job done. Divide the energy put out by this annihilation and we get $\Delta K = 14000$. Convert that into mass using $E=mc^2$ and we get $8.13710^6 kg$ divide by 2 because half that mass is coming from regular matter and we have $4.06910^6 kg$. There are two surefire ways. Or a kilogram? The damage done to the biosphere here is more due to pressure and heat than radioactivity. Also, once in atmosphere, any attempt to shoot down will only damage the containment system and detonate the antimatter. To create antimatter you just need to create matter. "Perhaps, just under four billion years ago, the Earth could have been hit by asteroids up to 400 kilometers across, forty times bigger than the one that is supposed to have been responsible for the K/T extinctions. He also rips off an arm to use as a sword. Here they create and capture this bizarre anti-stuff. If the null hypothesis is never really true, is there a point to using a statistical test without a priori power analysis? Thankfully, outside the realms of science fiction, we won't see antimatter destroying cities anytime soon. The relative differences between two explosives with shaped charges will be even greater. But to understand the properties of this mysterious anti-stuff, apparently anti-electrons won't cut it. You'd think a Galaxy Class Starship would take a chunk out of a nearby planet by comparison. >$10^{15}kg$, it's not exactly rocket science. This gives us an energy of around 3.6x10 23 J. At the moment of the Big Bang, all the energy of the Universe was concentrated and exploded. We must use a bigger bomb. This equivalency is most famously described in Einstein's equation: e (energy) = m (the mass of matter) xc (the speed of light) squared. Both humans and bananas only produce a tiny amount of antimatter, which is why we havent all been destroyed. There is no nuclear bomb that comes close to the power this bomb would have. Now they're back in Kyiv, Baby with bowel obstruction died after hospital's failures, coroner finds, NT Chief Minister apologises to outgoing police commissioner over retirement settlement comments, Nouma is an island paradise but for the next year you're not allowed to swim, Live: Celebrities arrive at the Met Gala for fashion's biggest night, Texas college baseball player accidentally shot during game, Three firefighters rushed to hospital, one critical, after factory fire south of Brisbane, Live: Reserve Bank tipped to leave interest rates on hold for a second month, ASX to open lower. Joules. Given that 1 ton is equal to 2240 pounds or 1016.046909 kg we should be able to scale up the explosive yield simply. Check the revision history; if it's appropriate, feel free to roll back my roll back! That gives you a nice $1,200 km^2$ blast incineration area. You have to give Big Bang scientists credit for their tenacity. What does 'They're at four. So far, all the antimatter created in all the particle accelerators on Earth wouldn't be enough to boil a cup of water. The antimatter bomb would by far be the most powerful thing humans ever created. Note It is convention to use ton compared to short ton, net ton American or tonne (1000 kilogrammes.) As radioisotopes in bananasdecay, they release pairs of electrons and anti-electrons. Has the cause of a rocket failure ever been mis-identified, such that another launch failed due to the same problem? [1] By way of comparison, the cost of the Manhattan Project (to produce the first atomic bomb) is estimated at US$23 billion in 2007 prices. We have to double the figure because that's the antimatter mass, and we're converting that mass of antimatter plus an equal mass of matter into energy. A minor scale definition: am I missing something? Theviolence of an antimatterreactionwas clearly demonstrated when a tiny pinch of the stuff exploded over Vatican City in the fictional Dan Brown epic, Angels and Demons. Would it be imperceptible? For instance, the antimatter equivalent to the electron is called the positron. A blast wave unleashes a large amount of energy that causes changes in pressure and temperature along its path. However for only $600,000 you could fit a 10 millionth of a gram of antimatter into a snipers bullet. Big Bang scientists have been hoping to find some physics loopholesome tiny difference between matter and antimatterthat would allow more matter than antimatter to be produced shortly after the Big Bang, but so far they have been unsuccessful. First, let's talk about blast waves.

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