In 1795, the Prussian linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (17671835) called for an anthropology that would synthesize Kant's and Herder's interests. North Americans value straightforwardness and are suspicious of evasiveness. Additionally, the language includes a variety of honorifics, which are used to show respect to the person being spoken to. prejudice and stereotyping are incompatible with which of the following traits Stress on horizontal relationships (such as the relationship between spouse and spouse) rather than vertical relationships (such as the relationship between parent and child). Military Manual." b. Communicators in low-context cultures tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented. Vol 1. Only managers and business executives need strong communication skills. Primitive Culture. Thus a contrast between "culture" and "civilization" is usually implied in these authors, even when not expressed as such. This E-mail is already registered with us. All answer choices are communication technologies being used by companies today. d. Culture is dynamic., Which country represents a high-context culture? Self-sufficiency and value independence, and placement of self-interest over collective interest. Uncertainty Avoidance: The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events. Within cultural anthropology, the ideology and analytical stance of cultural relativism hold that cultures cannot easily be objectively ranked or evaluated because any evaluation is necessarily situated within the value system of a given culture. 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", "a particular way of life, whether of a people, period or a group. sold abroad, (c) India requires the domestic purchase of solar products, (d) The U.S. imposes a tariff-rate quota on sugar. High-Context Culture: 4 Characteristics of High-Context Cultures 40. follow up important messages in writing. These communicators represent what kind of culture? Which of the following countries would likely view a business contract as a binding document? Time orientation Additionally, Japan has a stronger emphasis on hierarchy, with hierarchical relationships being deeply embedded in the culture. For uses in the natural sciences, see, Early researchers and development of cultural sociology, Tylor, Edward. Which of the following is a benefit of a diverse work environment? What should he do when citing numbers in the contract? McClenon, James. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Japan d. Low-context 36. Instead, you move from project to project, joining a new team and project when your current project is, You prepare notes for a staff meeting to present potential solutions to the lingering problem. Blackboard OST CH1.pdf - Question 1 1 out of 1 points Which Which statement about the effect of social media and communication technology on culture is most accurate? Power Distance Index & Examples | What is Power Distance? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. Which region of involved countries is likely to benefit most Such hierarchical perspectives on culture are also found in class-based distinctions between a high culture of the social elite and a low culture, popular culture, or folk culture of the lower classes, distinguished by the stratified access to cultural capital. From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. Cultural change, or repositioning, is the reconstruction of a cultural concept of a society. It is also used to denote the complex networks of practices and accumulated knowledge and ideas that are transmitted through social interaction and exist in specific human groups, or cultures, using the plural form. Ethnocentrism is the oversimplified perception of a behavioral pattern or characteristic applied to all groups. As a result, there has been a recent influx of quantitative sociologists to the field. These social shifts may accompany ideological shifts and other types of cultural change. These variables include gender egalitarianism, institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, and human orientation. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Proudly powered by WordPress Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of Stuart Hall and others at the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham. For example, people from collectivistic cultures, such as the Japanese, suppress their positive emotions more than their American counterparts. According to Bastian, all human societies share a set of "elementary ideas" (Elementargedanken); different cultures, or different "folk ideas" (Vlkergedanken), are local modifications of the elementary ideas. 1784. [10], The Cambridge English Dictionary states that culture is "the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time. Which of the Following Countries Represents a High Context Culture (1871). encompassing culture. Chapter 1 Quiz Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following countries is considered a high-context This ability arose with the evolution of behavioral modernity in humans around 50,000 years ago and is often thought to be unique to humans. degree to which members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous situations A Comprehensive Analysis, Exploring the Innovative JBX Theater: Revolutionizing the Entertainment Industry. High context cultures are those in which communication is largely implied rather than explicit. Your email address will not be published. [31] In the process, he redefined culture as a diverse set of activities characteristic of all human societies. Martin Lindstrom asserts that Kulturbrille, which allow a person to make sense of the culture they inhabit, "can blind us to things outsiders pick up immediately."[38]. [5] Non-material culture refers to the non-physical ideas that individuals have about their culture, including values, belief systems, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions, while material culture is the physical evidence of a culture in the objects and architecture they make or have made. Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture. For example, the U.S. feminist movement involved new practices that produced a shift in gender relations, altering both gender and economic structures. The concept of material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science comprise the intangible cultural heritage of a society.[5]. Group of answer choices Which of the following is one of the strategies d.comes from an orderly system of government and laws. This view paved the way for the modern understanding of religion. Ch3 Practice quiz Flashcards | Quizlet I feel like its a lifeline. [2] High-context cultures often exhibit less-direct verbal and nonverbal . This page titled 1.5: Taxonomies of Cultural Patterns is shared under a CC BY license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Tammera Stokes Rice. Group of answer choices Samuel Pufendorf took over this metaphor in a modern context, meaning something similar, but no longer assuming that philosophy was man's natural perfection. All rights reserved. [58]:158168[59] Culture psychologists began to try to explore the relationship between emotions and culture, and answer whether the human mind is independent from culture. Other 19th-century critics, following Rousseau, have accepted this differentiation between higher and lower culture, but have seen the refinement and sophistication of high culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort people's essential nature. Because of technology, all workers will write more on the job and use a wider range of communication channels, including letters, memos, e-mails, wikis, texts, instant messages, and blogs. Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies. [3] Cultures are internally affected by both forces encouraging change and forces resisting change. increasing levels of management. Exploring the Life and Legacy of the Ancient Greek Mathematician, Are Fairlife Protein Shakes Healthy? These communicators represent what kind of culture? China Explanation- High context culture countries are those where most of the people are highly educated and they follow certain norms and rituals and they b. c. A comparatively static, more conventional mentality; Emphasis on reciprocation of gifts, favors, and greetings; Negative association with economic growth. comes from an orderly system of government and laws. There are strong distinctions made between individuals who are members of the ingroup and those who are not members in high-context cultures. In contrast, low-context cultures rely on explicit verbal communication. Japan After you have finished with this lesson, you should be able to: 10 chapters | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition. Every country has a unique culture or common heritage that of intercultural communication competence: Scholarship The transnational flow of culture has played a major role in merging different cultures and sharing thoughts, ideas, and beliefs. Trust must be developed before business transactions can begin. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Diffusion of innovations theory presents a research-based model of why and when individuals and cultures adopt new ideas, practices, and products.[20]. Culture can be either of two types, non-material culture or material culture. of the following countries would be considered individualistic cultures: Which Edward T. Hall introduced the concept of high-context cultures, which he defined as cultures whose rules of communication rely heavily on contextual elements. Additionally, there is a strong emphasis on respecting ones elders and showing loyalty to family and community. Answer: c. Businesses today generate a wide range of messages using a variety of media. However, there are some key differences between Japan and the other countries. [26], In the 19th century, humanists such as English poet and essayist Matthew Arnold (18221888) used the word "culture" to refer to an ideal of individual human refinement, of "the best that has been thought and said in the world. The preferred way of solving problems and learning is in groups. All of the following have been victims of trademark trolling in The aim is not to protect a person's property, but rather to preserve the cultural heritage of humanity, especially in the event of war and armed conflict. c.is created by a structured educational system. The non-Marxist approaches suggest that different ways of consuming cultural artifacts affect the meaning of the product. from the free trade provided by the Trans-Pacific Partnership? [citation needed], Raimon Panikkar identified 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about, including growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenization, and transformation. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Only managers and business executives need strong communication skills., Most Americans communicate with business associates at approximately 1 feet., Psychological barriers to listening include hearing disabilities, poor acoustics, and noisy surroundings. b. Do you think Homer Plessy was rash or courageous for challenging the law requiring separate rail cars for African Americans and whites? Context, which refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambience surrounding an event, is probably the most important dimension of culture. [12][13], The word is used in a general sense as the evolved ability to categorize and represent experiences with symbols and to act imaginatively and creatively. Feminist cultural analyst, theorist, and art historian Griselda Pollock contributed to cultural studies from viewpoints of art history and psychoanalysis. It describes the level of explicit information and the importance of context in a . Furthermore, cultural norms such as politeness, humility, and respect for authority are deeply ingrained in the culture. (a)To maintain good relations with trading partners, (c) To support its domestic industries that use minerals, (d) To increase global supply and reduce the price, Answer- 1) Which country is high context culture? Specifically, culture involves those meanings and practices held independently of reason. Starting in the 1990s,[57]:31 psychological research on culture influence began to grow and challenge the universality assumed in general psychology. United States b. Germany c. Norway d. Japan ANSWER: RATIONALE: Japan, along with China and Arab countries, is a high-context culture.d. Answer: d. Japan Social media always makes individuals of various cultures feel connected. This website helped me pass! tolerance These scholars reject the abstracted postmodern aspects of cultural sociology, and instead, look for a theoretical backing in the more scientific vein of social psychology and cognitive science.[41]. (a) England [25] This view paved the way for the modern understanding of culture. The emphasis on family is evident in the way people refer to each other, with family members typically being referred to by their given name or title. mass culture). These critics considered folk music (as produced by "the folk," i.e., rural, illiterate, peasants) to honestly express a natural way of life, while classical music seemed superficial and decadent. 35. b. Exploring a High Context Culture: Japan - The Enlightened Mindset Masculine vs. Feminine Cultures: Distinctions & Communication Styles. Countries that fall into this categorization are Japan China France Spain Brazil and more. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. People are less concerned about loss of face than in low-context cultures. Big Sandy Community and Technical College. This strain of thinking has some influence from the Frankfurt School, but especially from the structuralist Marxism of Louis Althusser and others. Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (19181933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie ('cultural sociology'). [71][72][73], This article is about culture as used in the social sciences and humanities. Collectivistic: High-context cultures are generally collectivist culturesthey place a higher value on the good of an entire group of people than on any one individual. of the following countries would be considered low-context cultures: The Which of the following countries represents a high-context culture? Write a speech convincing your colleagues in Congress to pass or defeat Trumans Fair Deal measures. Most Americans communicate with business associates at approximately 1 feet. Yolanda has taught college Psychology and Ethics, and has a doctorate of philosophy in counselor education and supervision. is defined as the perception of membership in a group that is part of an Recruiters often rank communication skills as the highest skill set sought by employers. Which of the following statements is most accurate? c. Culture is the basis of self-identity and community. "[24] He proposed that a scientific comparison of all human societies would reveal that distinct worldviews consisted of the same basic elements. However, the concept may also apply to corporations, professions and other cultural groups, as well as to settings such as online and offline communication. Concentration on self or at the most very near and dear ones, and concern with behavioral relationships as well as own goals, interests, and needs. Answer Key - Oxford University Press _________ There are a lot of countries in the world that are culturally high context and some are low context. b. d. Communicators from North America, Scandinavia, and Germany tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented. Another facet of the Romantic movement was an interest in folklore, which led to identifying a "culture" among non-elites. You consider several key agenda items to include and why ? (b) Impunity is \qquad (d) the inability to break a habit. So far as tasks in life are concerned, virtue comprises acquiring skills, working hard, education, being wise in spending as well as showing perseverance and patience. b. a. This means that the members' identity is heavily rooted in groups, i.e., families and work units. Rather than being individualistic, they have an increased inclination towards conformity; Increased concern regarding in-group members. Read:Discussion Background and answer all, You work for an auto manufacturer designing brake systems, but you do not have a dedicated team. Social media always makes individuals of various cultures feel connected. They show hostility or indifference toward out-group members; Emphasis on harmony and hierarchy within group; Regulation of behavior with the help of group norms. Do you have knowledge or insights to share? Low-context and high-context cultures are the ends of a continuum portraying how cultures communicate. Roger OKeefe, Camille Pron, Tofig Musayev, Gianluca Ferrari "Protection of Cultural Property. Choose two phrases to form a sentence that correctly uses a word from Word List 6. "[11] Terror management theory posits that culture is a series of activities and worldviews that provide humans with the basis for perceiving themselves as "person[s] of worth within the world of meaning"raising themselves above the merely physical aspects of existence, in order to deny the animal insignificance and death that Homo sapiens became aware of when they acquired a larger brain. North Americans value straightforwardness and are suspicious of evasiveness. Every social organization has its prototype in the family. They also depend little on the context of a situation to convey their meaning. | Confrontation is accepted as an attribute. Empathetic senders consider how the receiver will decode the message and try, As you first begin the composition process, which of the following questions should you ask yourself?

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