To carry this evenness is partly owing to the constitution, and partly to the magistracy: where either of these fail, government will be subject to convulsions; but where both are wanting, it must be totally subverted; then where both meet, the government is like to endure. XXXVII. Goethals $600 That all pleadings, processes and records in courts, shall be short, and in English, and in an ordinary and plain character, that they may be understood, and justice speedily administered. Thirdly, I know what is said by the several admirers of monarchy, aristocracy and democracy, which are the rule of one, a few, and Although anyone who professed a belief in God could live undisturbed, one had to believe in Jesus Christ in order to vote and hold office (see the Pennsylvania Frame of Government [59], Articles xxxiv and xxxv of the Laws Agreed Upon in England). That the Governor and provincial Councill shall, at all times, have power to inspect the management of the public treasury, and punish those who shall convert any part thereof to any other use, than what hath been agreed upon by the Governor, provincial Council, and General Assembly. That no money or goods shall be raised upon, or paid by, any of the people of this province by way of public tax, custom or contribution, but by a law, for that purpose made; and whoever shall levy, collect, or pay any money or goods contrary thereunto, shall be held a public enemy to the province and a betrayer of the liberties of the people thereof. That all wills, in writing, attested by two witnesses, shall be of the same force as to lands, as other conveyances, being legally proved within forty days, either within or without the said province. IV. Political Culture. William Thirdly. That the estates of capital offenders, as traitors and murderers, shall go, one-third to the next of kin to the sufferer, and the remainder to the next of kin to the criminal. That all fines shall be moderate, and saving mens contenements, merchandize, or wainage. by William Penn. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. That all lands and goods shall be liable to pay debts, except where there is legal issue, and then all the goods, and one-third of the land only. This the Apostle teaches in divers of his epistles: The law (says he) was added because of transgression, In another place, Knowing that the law was not made for the righteous man, but for the disobedient and ungodly, for sinners, for unholy and prophane, for murderers, for whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, and for man-stealers, for lyers, for perjured persons, &c., but this is not all, he opens and carries the matter of government a little further: Let every soul be subject to the higher powers; for there is no power but of God. iii. xxiv. 1682: Charter of the Liberties and Frame of Government of Pennsylvania. William Penn and the American Heritage of The frame of the government of the province of Pensilvania, in America: together with certain laws agreed upon in England, by the Governor and divers freemen of the aforesaid province. WebApril 25, 1682. In 1682, William Penn arrived in Pennsylvania on a ship called the "Welcome." XIX.That all marriages (not forbidden by the law of God, as to nearness of blood and affinity by marriage) shall be encouraged; but the parents, or guardians, shall be first consulted, and the marriage shall be published before it be solemnized; and it shall be solemnized by taking one another as husband and wife, before credible witnesses, and a certificate of the whole, under the hands of parties and witnesses, shall be brought to the proper register of that county, and shall be registered in his office. Article xxxix created the first formal amendment process in history. XXI. Charters That all prisons shall be free, as to fees, food, and lodging. That all Treasurers, Judges, Masters of the Rolls, Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, and other officers and persons whatsoever, relating to courts, or trials of causes, or any other service in the government; and all Members elected to serve in provincial Council and General Assembly, and all that have right to elect such Members, shall be such as possess faith in Jesus Christ, and that are not convicted of ill fame, or unsober and dishonest conversation, and that are of one and twenty years of age, at least; and that all such so qualified, shall be capable of the said several employments and privileges, as aforesaid. It is true, good laws have some awe upon ill ministers, but that is where they have not power to escape or abolish them, and the people are generally wise and good: but a loose and depraved people (which is the question) love laws and an administration like themselves. Frame of Government of Pennsylvania That, therefore, which makes a good constitution, must keep it, viz: men of wisdom and virtue, qualities, that because they descend not with worldly inheritances, must be carefully propagated by a virtuous education of youth; for which after ages will owe more to the care and prudence of founders, and the successive magistracy, than to their parents, for their private patrimonies. Introduction xxxi. To carry this evenness is partly owing to the constitution, and partly to the magistracy: where either of these fail, government will be subject to convulsions: but where both are wanting, it must be totally subverted: then where both meet, the government is like to endure. XVI. Amen. xi. To be further explained and confirmed there, by the first provincial Council that In 1682, before he left England to become the first governor of Pennsylvania, Penn wrote the Frame of Government, which served as the colony's first constitution. WebWilliam Penn (October 14, 1644July 30, 1718) founded the Province of Pennsylvania, the British North American colony that became the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Hillsdale Dialogues 03-12-21 William Penn & The Frame of Government of Pennsylvania. 1 (Pamphlet), 1796: George Washingtons Farewell Address (Speech), 1798-1992: US Bill of Rights Amendments (XI-XXVII), 1798: Counter-resolutions of Other States, 1798: Kentucky Resolutions (Jeffersons Draft), 1799: Report of the Virginia House of Delegates, 1802: Jefferson, Letter to the Danbury Baptist Association (Letter), 1865: U.S. Constitution, Thirteenth Amendment, Pocket Guide to Political and Civic Rights. Summary Description William Penn - The First Draft of the Frame of Government - c1681.jpg The Papers of William Penn , Volume Two (16801684), University of Pennsylvania Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. WebMayflower Compact, document signed on the English ship Mayflower on November 21 [November 11, Old Style], 1620, prior to its landing at Plymouth, Massachusetts. Religion and the Founding of the American Republic. That, for the better management of the power and trust aforesaid, the provincial Council shall, from time to time, divide itself into four distinct and proper committees, for the more easy administration of the affairs of the Province, which divides the seventy-two into four eighteens, every one of which eighteens shall consist of six out of each of the three orders, or yearly elections, each of which shall have a distinct portion of business, as followeth: First, a committee of plantations, to situate and settle cities, ports, and market towns, and high-ways, and to hear and decide all suits and controversies relating to plantations. no one can be put out of his estate WebWilliam Markham (1635 12 June 1704) served as deputy governor of the Province of Pennsylvania.Markham was the acting governor of Pennsylvania from 1681 to 1682 and from 1693 to 1699. The Council had four standing committees at a time when specialized, standing committees did not exist anywhere else in the colonies or in the British Parliament. In 1681, as payment for the debt, the king granted what is today Pennsylvania to the admiral's son, also named William Penn. xxvi. xiv. An allusion to a saying of Jesus quoted in all the synoptic gospels: Matthew 22:21, Mark 12:17, and Luke 20:25. Our Core Document Collection allows students to read history in the words of those who made it. 3 Beds. VII. Constitutional Government: William Penn, Preface to the Frame ASAP Select the correct answer from each drop That all the elections of members, or representatives of the people, to serve in provincial Council and General Assembly, and all questions to be determined by both, or either of them, that relate to passing of bills into laws, to the choice of officers, to impeachments by the General Assembly, and judgment of criminals upon such impeachments by the provincial Council, and to all other cases by them respectively judged of importance, shall be resolved and determined by the ballot, and unless on sudden and indispensible occasions, no business in provincial Council, or its respective committees, shall be finally determined the same day that it is moved. For particualar frames and models it will become me to say little; and comparatively I will say nothing. xxiv. William Penn, 1682. Government incorporated in the Great Law of the province. Retrieved April 27, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/law/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/frame-government. 59 Charter of Liberties and Frame of Government of the Province of Pennsylvania in America. That all witnesses, coming, or called, to testify their knowledge in or to any matter or thing, in any court, or before any lawful authority, within the said province, shall there give or delivery in their evidence, or testimony, by solemnly promising to speak the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, to the matter, or thing in question. XXXIX. That there shall be, at no time, any alteration of any of these laws, without the consent of the Governor, his heirs, or assigns, and six parts of seven of the freemen, met in provincial Council and General Assembly. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. But forasmuch as the present condition of the province requires some immediate settlement, and admits not of so quick a revolution of officers; and to the end the said Province may, with all convenient speed, be well ordered and settled, I, William Penn, do therefore think fit to nominate and appoint such persons for Judges, Treasurers, Masters of the Rolls, Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, and Coroners, as are most fitly qualified for those employments; to whom I shall make and grant commissions for the said offices, respectively, to hold to them, to whom the same shall be granted, for so long time as every such person shall well behave himself in the office, or place, to him respectively granted, and no longer. That servants be not kept longer than their time, and such as are careful, be both justly and kindly used in their service, and put in fitting equipage at the expiration thereof, according to custom. That all persons wrongfully imprisoned, or prosecuted at law, shall have double damages against the informer, or prosecutor. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil: wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? Pennsylvania Charter of Delaware But, next to the power of necessity (which is a solicitor, that will take no denial) this induced me to a compliance, that we have (with reverence to God, and good conscience to men) to the best of our skill contrived and composed to the frame and laws of this government, to the great end of all government, viz: To support power in reverence with the people and to secure the people from the abuse of power; that they may be free by their just obedience, and the magistrates honourable, for their administration: for liberty without obedience is confusion, and obedience without liberty is slavery.